Device for making ring joints



w. l.. EVANS EVIC FOR MAKING RING JOINTS Filed Aug.25 1925 s sheets-sheet 1 Feb. 15,1927.

wn'NEsSEs ATTORNEY v Feb.' "15, 19.21.

w. L. EVANS DEVICE FOR MAKING RING JQINTS Filed Aug.25 1925 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb' 151927 w. L. EVANS. Y .f

DEVICE FOR MAKING RING JOINTS Filed Aug.25, 1925 y 6 Sheets-Sheet :s

ZITJESS I l l @v3/MW i if; BY l v v1,617,621 w. L. EVANS v y DEVICE FOR MAKING RING JOINTS Feb. 15 1927.

Filed Aug.25 1925 l6 Sheets-Sheet 4 wrrNEssEs Y 5 y y i I BY l A Y l Feb. 15, 11127.l 1,617,621

w. i., EVANS DEVICE FoR'MAmNG RING JomTs iled Aug.25. 1925 s sheets-sheet s WITNESSES -I ATTORNEY Feb. l5 11927.

" W. L.. EVANS DEVI@ Fon MAKING RING JoINTs Filed Aug.2'5 1925 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 WITNESSES ATTO RN EY which the power-driven Vmechanism operates. A vertical cutter shaft 20'is rotatably Vmounted` in ball bearings 21 and 22 at the forward end of the frame. The bearings 21v are supported in a suitable cage 23 secured at the bottom of the reservoir 19. The bearings 22 are mounted in a cage 24 secured in the bottom of a housing 25, which is located beneath the front end ofthe table. Suitable grease cups 26 and 27 are provided for lu- I bricating the ball bearings.

The upper` end of the shaft `2() extends intothe housing 25, and has a sleeve 28 splined thereon. The upper end Yof this slee-ve is threaded, and is formed with a` shoulder 29 against which a cutter head 30 is secured. A fan 31 is secured to the lower end of the sleeve 28, and, when the cutter is operating, is adapted to blow the shavings out through a hole 32 in the side of the in the side of the housing. This pin is hol-k low, and has a grease cup 37 at its outer end, by which grease may be supplied for lubricating'the sleeve bearing. A lever 38v is pivotally mounted on the pin 35, and the rear end ofthis llever is formed with a circular head89, which is loosely mounted in 1' n a recess 40 near the rear side of the frame.

The front end 41 of the lever 38 projects from the front side of the frame, and is connected by a coil spring 42 to an eye bolt 43,

Vwhich is adjustably mounted in a lug 44 formed on the base of the frame. The spring 42 is tensione-d so that the front end of the lever is normally held in its lowermost position so that the cutter is within the hous- 'ing 25. vA laterally projecting pivot stud 45 Vis secured to the lever 38 between the pin and the head 39, anda link 46 is pivotally connected at its lower end to this stud. The upper end of thev link 46 is lprovidec with a longitudinal slots-C7, which receives cui a pivot stud 48 connected to the rear end of a hand lever 49, which is fulcrumed on a ,stud 50 projecting from the upper end of the bar 10.

"The work 51, which, in the present instance, consists` of two pieces cut to form a corner joint, is placed on the table against the seat 4, and while it isheld in that position the constantly rotating cutter is raised Ato cut the circular channel 52, In performing: this operation, the hand lever 49 is pulled forwardly. The vfirst effect ofV thisaction is to lower the head 13, wuile the hand lever 49 swings about the stud v48 as a center, until the ram 14 engages the upper face of `the work 51 and clamps the latter in position. As soon as a predetermined pressure is exerted upon the face of the work, further movement of the hand lever 49eauses the latter to swing about thestud 50 as a pivot, raising the link 46, 'and causing vthe front endA of the lever 88 to swing upwardly, and to raise the cutter 30 into Contact with the unser faceof the work. The height to which cylindrical bore 55 for receiving the cylindrical end of the cutter shaft 20, and has an enlarged rinternally threaded portion 5G adapted to be secured to the upper end of the sleeve 28. The head is elongated, and is formed with an under-cut channel 57 extending diametrically from each siderof the bore 55. In this channel are mounted opposed cutting ele-ments 58, which are formed with upwardly projecting cutting teeth 59. SetV screws 60 are provided for adjustably servcuring the cut-ting elements, so that a cir-- cular channel of any desired diameter may be cut. By setting the individual cutting teeth at different distances from the center, Athe cutter may also be used for cutting out circular wooden rings of the proper size to lit into the channel 52 to clover the ring whichholds the joint together.

F or driving the cutter shaft 20', the latter has a pulley 61 secured to its lower end, and connected by a belt 62 to a pulley G8 mounte'd o-n the shaftV of a motor 64, which .is secured byl bolts G5 to the rear side of the frame. The bolts 65 may be adjusted longitudinally to adjustV the tension ofthe belt.

In order to support the work 51 lirrnly while the circular channel is being cut, a flat ring 66 is seated on a shoulder 67 surrounding the opening in the table through which the cutter is projected. A number of these flat rings may be provided with openings corresponding in size to the diameters of the channels which are to be cut. The stop 58 is set so that a channel may be cut slightly more than half way through the wood, so that when the ring is seated in the bottoni of the channel, pressure is exerted against the inner wall of the channel in a plane suhstantially midwayv between the faces of the Wood.

The rings to be used in making the joints may be made in a variety of forms. The ring 68, shown in Figures 14 and 16, is polygonal in shape, having a number of sides G9 which are sustantially straight before the ring is applied,` and which are connected hy lll) rounded corners 70. This ring is made of ysuch a size-that its apothem-before the ring is applied is somewhat less than the radius of the boss formed within the eircularfchain nel 62'. lVhen the ring is foreedinto the channel, therefore, the midepoints of the sides 69 are -forced outwardly, while the corners 70 are drawn inwardly and the ring approaches lthe 'form of a true circle'.

The ring 71, illustrated Vin Figure l5. is

'lnrmed with two opposed sides 72, substany tially straigl'it, Vconnected by arcuate portions 73'. Then the ring 1s made 1n this shape, its

Size is such thatr in forcing it into the cha nel, the mid-points of the sides 72v are forced outwardly, while the arcuate portions 73 are drawn inwardlyand elongated, so that the ring', when applied, approaches the shape olg a true circle, andthe mid-points ot both the straight sides andthe arcuate portions forcibly grip the inner wall of the channel, and

hold the joint together with great pressure. lVhen' the ring is applied an imperforate plate 66a is 'usedin place' ot' the ring 66.

The mechanism for applying the rings is driven from a.' train of gearing, whichY includes a transverse shaft 74 mounted in bearu Vings 75, and Vhaving va worm gear 76 secured thereon and -driven by a worm 77, which is Vsecured on'the cutter shaft 20. A pinion 'TS isfalso'secured 'on the sllatt 74,V andvmeshes with a spur gear-7 9 secured on another trans verse shaft 80 which is journalecl in -loearings 81., The bearings 75and'81 are disposed'n Vside plates'82, which are securely bolted-to plete the joint. The mechanism'for effectingV this connection comprises a dog 83, pivotally mounted at 84 to an arn'r 85, whiclrprojects forwardly Yfrom the'bar 10.` This dog termina-tes in a flat nose 86, abovewhich is a notch 87. This notch, when the dog is moved into proper'position, is adapted to be engagedby a crank '97 formedrin the shat'SO, and'to be .drawn vdownwardly thereby, thus forcibly drawing the bar 10 downwardly. 'lhe'dog` is normally held in-its uppermost position, as shown in Figure 6, out of' the path of the crank 97 with its back resting against' a stop pin 88, which is secured in the side of the arm 85. The upper face of the arm 85 nor,- mally engages, the under side ofV thev table to limit the upward movement of the bar 10 under the influence of the spring l5. The

rits crank.

(log ifs formed-with a-rearwardly projecting l'ug- 89to-whieh is-pilvotally connected the loweri-e-nd et a li-nlr 9 0. The upper ein-'d ot the linkVV 9(91isfpivotally connected at`91 to a hand lever 92,which'isulcrumed on 'arstud 93' loc-atedlfon this right-handsi'de of the bar lOsubstantially in alinementwithAt-he stud 50 on the left-hand side. The rearor lower end ofthe lever 92 carries apifvot stud 94 to which the'vupper endcfaxlinlr 95'1is pivoted'.

he lower end-'ot the/link 95 is turned laterally, as indicated at 96, and'engagesthe under 1"de off the table-v.

' .er the channel has been cut in the` work 51, thejlatter i'sf'turnedover tethe posit-ion elmwnin Figures 11 and lf2., The lever 92 islhen pulled forwardly about its pvot' 93, thus pulling upwardlyl on the link 95;- Since the link is prevented from movin 0' upwardly by the 'engagement'ot its end 96 with' the table, the pivot stud 94 .acts 'a-'sa fultfrum, and the bar- 10eis moved 'downwardly until the rain 14 meets-'with a resistance. Byfthis` time, however, thedogSSv has been lowered suiiiciently so 'that the* crank 97jengages'tlrie notch 87, and lpulls -the'dog and 'consequently the-bar lOdownw-ardly 'witlrgreat torce iintilA the nose Sti-engagesfa 'lug` 98-ffor1ned on Y-the bottomofrtlner fra-me and the dog; s ldiscngagedvlrom the cranlr. rl`helslot47 inthe link flpermits the lbar 10 y'to more downwa 'dly withoutV attectingthe relative position ot the hand lever 49. Y

llhen theworlr is; placedundeI-Vneath the ramY 14 preparatory to applyingthe ring, a steel block 99- is placed upon the surface ol the work within the channel This block isV in the shape of a rustum-of avcone with its base of slightly lessdi'ameter thanthat ofthe boss formed withinthe eireul'aruchannel. ,"lfhering 68, is placed uponfthe block, as shown inFigure 11, and when thc-ram .14

is forced' downwardlywith: great pressure by thevmechanism above described, the ring is-expanded and 'forced to the bottomof` the channel 52, and the tendency othe ring'rto resume its originalV shape holds the' vjoint with tremendous pressure. The ram 14 is soradjusted that the ring will have been )forced to the bottom of the. channel when the dog strikes the lug 98 and is disengaged 'from lt' by any chance,rthe ram should beV set tooV low, so that the crank can not make its revolution, an upward pull on the `lever 92 willrelease the dog, and the ram may then be set higher. Y

As explained above, the rain 14nf1ay be,y Vused for engagingthe face ofthematerial to hold it on the-table while theeha-nnelis heing cut, and after the work has been turnedl over may also be usedv 1"'or forcing thev ring over the block 99 into `the channel. Injoining molding, however, or other. material where thethiclr-ness is uneven, a'special attachment may be used for holding the same '1,30 f' 'y Y material.

`It will, of.course,be understood that various other attachments maybe used on the head 13 and on the cutter shaft 20, depending upon the nature of the work to be per'- V formed.V It is also apparentrthat variousy modifications may be made'in'the detailed constructionof the various parts, and in theI relative arrangement thereof without departing materially from the'essential fea-yk tures of the invention. It is my purpose, therefore, to include all such modifications lwithinthe scope of the appended` claims.V Y Vhat is claimed is:

l. In a machineof the class described, the

combination of a table, a lvertically movable bar having a head overhanging the table.4 a lever pivoted on the bar, aA link pivotally connected to the lever, a fixed abutment engageable by the link when the lever is rocked. whereby, to Vforce the .bar and head downwardly, a power-driven shaft, means for temporarily connecting said shaft to the bar to forcibly urge the latter'downwardly independently of the movement of said lever, a second lever, and means connecting the sec-- ond lever to said first-mentioned means to establishthe temporary connection between Vthe Vshaft and the bar when the said second lever isrocked.

2. lIn a machine of the class described, the combination of a table, a vertically movable bar having a head overhanging the table, a lever pivoted on the bar, means connected with said Ilever for moving the bar downwai-diy when said lever is rocked about its pivot, a power driven shafth'aving a crank, a dog pivotaliy connected to the bar and having a notch therein, said dog beingV so arranged that itmay be swung to bring the v notch vinto position to be engaged by the crank on the downward portion of its'inovejment, a second lever pivoted to the bar, and

means operable by said second lever to establish thev connection between the dog and the crank'so as to forcibly urge the bar Y bar having a head overhanging the table,Y

downwardly. f

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a table, a vertically movable two levers pivotally connected to the bar, v'means connected to each lever for initially moving the bar downwardly when said lever is rocked while leaving the other lever in the saineposition relative to the bar, a vertical shaft havingacntter thereon, a second shaft, Vmeans operable by a further movement of `one lever to raise the cutter shaft, and means operable by a further movement of the other lever to connect the second shaft to the bar and forcibly urgefthe latter farther down- Y wardly.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a table, a vertically movable bar having a head overhanging the table, a lever pivoted on the bar7 means connected with said lever for initially moving the bai' and head downwardly to clamp the work when the lever is rocked about its pivot, a constantly driven shaft, a cutter carried thereby, and ine-ans connected with the lever and operable upon further movement thereof in the saine direction to move Vthe sha-ft so thatr the cutter will operate on the work.

5. In a` machine of the class described, the combination of a table, a vertically movable bai' having a head overhanging the table, ka ower-driven shaft having a crank, a ineinf berconnectedrto said bar and normally out of the path of the crank, a lever pivoted on said bar, and means Vconnecting said member to the lever and operable by a rockinginovement of the latter to shift said member into the path of the crank so as. to be engaged by said crank upon its downward movement to forcibly move the bar and head downwardly. Y

6. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a table, a vertically movable bar having a head overhanging'the table, a power-driven shaft having a crank, a mem-V ber connected to said bar and normally out of the path ofthe crank, a lever pivoted on said bar, and means connecting said member tothe lever and operable by a rocking movement of the latter to shift said member into the path of the crank so as to be engaged by said crank upon its downward movement to forcibly move the bar and head downwardly, and means for keeping said member out o-f engagement with the crank so as to release the bar and head to permit them to resume their original positions as the crank reaches the lowest point in its movement.

7. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a table, a vertically movable bai' having a head overhanging the table, a power-driven shaft having a crank, a ineinber connected to said bar and nornially ont Aof the path of said crank, a lever pivoted on iai lever is loosely mounted, a second member guided for rectilinear movement in the iframe and connected to the second lever on the other side of the connection between the latter and the link, and resilientmeans resisting movement of the second lever, whereby a movement of the first lever about its pivot causes the iirst of said members to be.

actuated with a. predetermined force before 4 the second member begins to move.

V9. In a machine of the class described, the combination oa frame, a downwardly movable work clamping member mounted therein, a lever pivoted to said work clamping member, a link pivoted at its upper kend to ture.

one end of said lever, a second lever interl mediately pivoted to the lower end of said5 link, said frame having a pocket in which one end of the second lever is loosely mounty Yed, an upwardly movable cutting member guided in the iii-ame andconnected to the lsecond lever-on the other side of the connection between the latter and the link, and resilient means resisting movement of the second lever, whereby a movement oi' the first lever about its pivot causes the work ,clamp-` ing Amember to be moved downwardly Vwith, a predetermined force before the cutting Vmember begins to move upwardly.l

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aiiixed my signa- WILLIAMY L, EVANS. 

